In this part, you will find out more about letters and sounds. You will also find some rules to help you spell words correctly.
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Sounds (phonemes) |
Letter that represent the sounds (graphemes) | Examples of the sounds in words |
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o | o, a (after 'w'), a | on, was, quad |
oa | oa, ow, oe, o, o-e, ough, ol | boat, grow, toe, go, home, though, folk |
oo (long) | oo, ew, ue, o, ou, ough, ui | boot, grew, blue, to, soup, through, fruit |
oo (short) | oo, u, oul | look, put, could |
or | or, aw, au, ore, al, augh, ough, our, oor, oa, ure, ar, a | for, saw, Paul, more, talk, caught, thought, four, door, broad, sure, wardrobe, water |
oi | oi, oy | coin, boy |
ow | ow, ou, ough | cow, out, drought |
p | p, pp | pen, happy |
r | r, rr, wr, rh | rat, carrot, write, rhyme |
s | s, ss, c, sc, st | sun, miss, cell, scent, listen |
sh | sh, s, ssi, ti, ci, ch, ce | shop, sure, mission, mention, special, chef, ocean |
t | t, tt, -ed, th, bt | tap, butter, jumped, Thomas, doubt |
th | th | thin |
th | th, the | then, breathe |
u | u, o, ou, oe, oo | up, son, young, does, blood |
ur | ur, er, ir, or (after 'w'), ear, our, ere | hurt, her, girl, work, learn, journey, were |
v | v, f, ve | van, of, have |
w | w, u, wh | wig, penguin, what |
y | y, i | yes, onion |
y (oo) | ue, ew, u, u-e, eu | rescue, news, uniform, cube, feud |
y (ure) | ure | pure |
z | z, zz, s, se, ze, ss, x | zip, buzz, is, please, breeze, scissors, xylophone |
zh | si, ge | vision, beige |
schwa | the ' schwa - a' sound which is closest to u and represent by many different letters | corner, pillar, motor, famous, favour, murmur, about, cotton, happen, centre, thorough |
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